[4] Instalacja narzędzi dla MV

Zainstalujemy teraz narzędzia do zarządzania maszynami wirtualnymi.

[1] Zainstaluj wymagane pakiety.

[root@lsr06vm ~]# dnf install virt-top libguestfs-tools

[2] Stwórz wirtualną maszynę z oficjalnych obrazów.

# lista dostępnych gotowych obrazów
[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-builder -l
opensuse-13.1 x86_64 openSUSE 13.1
opensuse-13.2 x86_64 openSUSE 13.2
opensuse-42.1 x86_64 openSUSE Leap 42.1
opensuse-tumbleweed x86_64 openSUSE Tumbleweed
centos-6 x86_64 CentOS 6.6
centos-7.0 x86_64 CentOS 7.0
centos-7.1 x86_64 CentOS 7.1
centos-7.2 aarch64 CentOS 7.2 (aarch64)
centos-7.2 x86_64 CentOS 7.2
centos-7.3 x86_64 CentOS 7.3
centos-7.4 x86_64 CentOS 7.4
centos-7.5 x86_64 CentOS 7.5
centos-7.6 x86_64 CentOS 7.6
centos-7.7 x86_64 CentOS 7.7
centos-7.8 x86_64 CentOS 7.8
centos-8.0 x86_64 CentOS 8.0
centos-8.2 x86_64 CentOS 8.2
cirros-0.3.1 x86_64 CirrOS 0.3.1
cirros-0.3.5 x86_64 CirrOS 0.3.5
debian-10 x86_64 Debian 10 (buster)
debian-6 x86_64 Debian 6 (Squeeze)
debian-7 sparc64 Debian 7 (Wheezy) (sparc64)
debian-7 x86_64 Debian 7 (wheezy)
debian-8 x86_64 Debian 8 (jessie)
debian-9 x86_64 Debian 9 (stretch)
fedora-26 aarch64 Fedora® 26 Server (aarch64)
fedora-26 armv7l Fedora® 26 Server (armv7l)
fedora-26 i686 Fedora® 26 Server (i686)
fedora-26 ppc64 Fedora® 26 Server (ppc64)
fedora-26 ppc64le Fedora® 26 Server (ppc64le)
fedora-26 x86_64 Fedora® 26 Server
fedora-27 aarch64 Fedora® 27 Server (aarch64)
fedora-27 armv7l Fedora® 27 Server (armv7l)
fedora-27 i686 Fedora® 27 Server (i686)
fedora-27 ppc64 Fedora® 27 Server (ppc64)
fedora-27 ppc64le Fedora® 27 Server (ppc64le)
fedora-27 x86_64 Fedora® 27 Server
fedora-28 i686 Fedora® 28 Server (i686)
fedora-28 x86_64 Fedora® 28 Server
fedora-29 aarch64 Fedora® 29 Server (aarch64)
fedora-29 i686 Fedora® 29 Server (i686)
fedora-29 ppc64le Fedora® 29 Server (ppc64le)
fedora-29 x86_64 Fedora® 29 Server
fedora-30 aarch64 Fedora® 30 Server (aarch64)
fedora-30 i686 Fedora® 30 Server (i686)
fedora-30 x86_64 Fedora® 30 Server
fedora-31 x86_64 Fedora® 31 Server
fedora-32 x86_64 Fedora® 32 Server
freebsd-11.1 x86_64 FreeBSD 11.1
scientificlinux-6 x86_64 Scientific Linux 6.5
ubuntu-10.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)
ubuntu-12.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise)
ubuntu-14.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty)
ubuntu-16.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial)
ubuntu-18.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)

# budowa obrazu systemu centos-8.2
[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-builder centos-8.2 --format qcow2 --size 10G -o /var/kvm/images/centos-8.2 .qcow2 --root-password password
[ 2,5] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/centos-8.2.xz
########################################################################################## 100,0% ########################################################################################## 100,0%
[ 68,4] Planning how to build this image
[ 68,4] Uncompressing
[ 94,0] Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to 10,0G
[ 213,1] Opening the new disk
[ 219,2] Setting a random seed
[ 219,2] Setting passwords
[ 222,9] Finishing off
Output file: /var/kvm/images/centos-8.2.qcow2
Output size: 10,0G
Output format: qcow2
Total usable space: 9,3G
Free space: 8,0G (85%)

# tworzenie maszyny ze zbudowanego wcześniej obrazu
[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-install --name centos-8.2 --ram 2048 --disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos-8.2.qcow2 --vcpus 2 --os-type linux --os-variant rhel8.0 --network bridge=br0 --graphics none --serial pty --console pty --boot hd --import

[3] [ls] w katalogu maszyny wirtualnej – wirtualna maszyna wyłączona.

[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-ls -l -d centos-8.2 /root
total 24
dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 112 Jun 22 15:06 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root 224 Jun 16 11:35 ..
-rw-------. 1 root root 13 Jun 22 15:06 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 May 11 2019 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 May 11 2019 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 May 11 2019 .bashrc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100 May 11 2019 .cshrc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129 May 11 2019 .tcshrc

[4] [cat] pliku w maszynie wirtualnej

[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-cat -d centos-8.2 /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin

...
...

[5] Edycja pliku w maszynie wirtualnej.

[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-edit -d centos-8.2 /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Jun 16 11:29:01 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=4fd120e4-1f6d-46b3-a404-5569ef6af1f9 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=0b3df967-65cc-4a48-8b98-f7f0badc0d91 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=40f14688-2619-4046-a9eb-b7333fff1b84 swap swap defaults 0 0

[6] Wyświetlenie informacji o dysku w maszynie wirtualnej.

[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-df -d centos-8.2
System plików K-bloki Użyte Dostępne Użycie%
centos-8.2:/dev/sda2 999320 136916 793592 14%
centos-8.2:/dev/sda4 8793792 1279516 7514276 15%

[7] Montowanie dysku dla maszyny wirtualnej

[root@lsr06vm ~]# guestmount -d centos-8.2 -i /media
[root@lsr06vm ~]# ll /media
razem 16
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 2019-05-11 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 06-22 16:49 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 06-16 13:29 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 78 root root 8192 06-22 16:49 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 2019-05-11 home
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 2019-05-11 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 2019-05-11 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 2019-05-11 media
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 2019-05-11 mnt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 2019-05-11 opt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 06-16 13:29 proc
dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 112 06-22 17:06 root
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 06-16 13:29 run
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 2019-05-11 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 2019-05-11 srv
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 06-16 13:29 sys
drwxrwxrwt. 7 root root 93 06-22 17:06 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root 144 06-16 13:32 usr
drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 278 06-22 16:49 var

[8] Wyświetlenie informacji o maszynie wirtualnej.

[root@lsr06vm ~]# virt-top

virt-top 17:12:46 - x86_64 2/2CPU 3192MHz 3912MB
5 domains, 2 active, 2 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 3 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0
CPU: 0,2% Mem: 2548 MB (2548 MB by guests)

ID S RDRQ WRRQ RXBY TXBY %CPU %MEM TIME NAME
3 R 0 0 172 0 0,2 52,0 0:48.05 centos8
13 R 0 0 0,0 12,0 0:02.97 guestfs-as8imfmbmksb4a24
- (centos-8.2)
- (template)
- (template1)