[4] Włączanie i wyłączanie usług
19 maja 2020[1] Wyświetlenie listy usług, które obecnie są aktywne.
[root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl -t service UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus dracut-shutdown.service loaded active exited Restore /run/initramfs on> firewalld.service loaded active running firewalld - dynamic firew> getty@tty1.service loaded active running Getty on tty1 import-state.service loaded active exited Import network configurat> ● kdump.service loaded failed failed Crash recovery kernel arm> kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required s> lvm2-monitor.service loaded active exited Monitoring of LVM2 mirror> lvm2-pvscan@8:2.service loaded active exited LVM event activation on d> NetworkManager-wait-online.service loaded active exited Network Manager Wait Onli> NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager nis-domainname.service loaded active exited Read and set NIS domainna> polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gath> rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service sshd.service loaded active running OpenSSH server daemon sssd.service loaded active running System Security Services > systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-a5ee781e\x2d61ec\x2d48bf\x2d82f0\x2d9f21d334ff08.service loaded > systemd-journal-flush.service loaded active exited Flush Journal to Persiste> systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel F> systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create Static Device Node> systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and> systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System > systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions tuned.service loaded active running Dynamic System Tuning Dae> user-runtime-dir@0.service loaded active exited /run/user/0 mount wrapper user@0.service loaded active running User Manager for UID 0 LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. 36 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
[2] Wyświetlenie WSZYSTKICH usług.
[root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl list-unit-files -t service UNIT FILE STATE auditd.service enabled autovt@.service enabled blk-availability.service disabled chrony-dnssrv@.service static chrony-wait.service disabled chronyd.service enabled console-getty.service disabled container-getty@.service static cpupower.service disabled crond.service enabled dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service enabled dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.locale1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.login1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service enabled dbus-org.freedesktop.portable1.service static dbus-org.freedesktop.timedate1.service enabled dbus.service static debug-shell.service disabled dm-event.service static dnf-makecache.service static dracut-cmdline.service static dracut-initqueue.service static dracut-mount.service static dracut-pre-mount.service static dracut-pre-pivot.service static dracut-pre-trigger.service static dracut-pre-udev.service static dracut-shutdown.service static ebtables.service disabled emergency.service static firewalld.service enabled fstrim.service static getty@.service enabled grub-boot-indeterminate.service static halt-local.service static import-state.service enabled initrd-cleanup.service static initrd-parse-etc.service static initrd-switch-root.service static initrd-udevadm-cleanup-db.service static iprdump.service disabled iprinit.service disabled iprupdate.service disabled irqbalance.service enabled kdump.service enabled kmod-static-nodes.service static ldconfig.service static loadmodules.service enabled lvm2-lvmpolld.service static lvm2-monitor.service enabled lvm2-pvscan@.service static man-db-cache-update.service static messagebus.service static microcode.service enabled NetworkManager-dispatcher.service enabled NetworkManager-wait-online.service enabled NetworkManager.service enabled nftables.service disabled nis-domainname.service enabled plymouth-halt.service static plymouth-kexec.service static plymouth-poweroff.service static plymouth-quit-wait.service static plymouth-quit.service static plymouth-read-write.service static plymouth-reboot.service static plymouth-start.service static plymouth-switch-root.service static polkit.service static quotaon.service static rc-local.service static rdisc.service disabled rescue.service static rngd.service enabled rsyslog.service enabled selinux-autorelabel-mark.service enabled selinux-autorelabel.service static serial-getty@.service disabled sshd-keygen@.service disabled sshd.service enabled sshd@.service static sssd-autofs.service indirect sssd-kcm.service indirect sssd-nss.service indirect sssd-pac.service indirect sssd-pam.service indirect sssd-ssh.service indirect sssd-sudo.service indirect sssd.service enabled syslog.service enabled system-update-cleanup.service static systemd-ask-password-console.service static systemd-ask-password-plymouth.service static systemd-ask-password-wall.service static systemd-backlight@.service static systemd-binfmt.service static systemd-coredump@.service static systemd-exit.service static systemd-firstboot.service static systemd-fsck-root.service static systemd-fsck@.service static systemd-halt.service static systemd-hibernate-resume@.service static systemd-hibernate.service static systemd-hostnamed.service static systemd-hwdb-update.service static systemd-hybrid-sleep.service static systemd-initctl.service static systemd-journal-catalog-update.service static systemd-journal-flush.service static systemd-journald.service static systemd-kexec.service static systemd-localed.service static systemd-logind.service static systemd-machine-id-commit.service static systemd-modules-load.service static systemd-portabled.service static systemd-poweroff.service static systemd-quotacheck.service static systemd-random-seed.service static systemd-reboot.service static systemd-remount-fs.service static systemd-resolved.service disabled systemd-rfkill.service static systemd-suspend-then-hibernate.service static systemd-suspend.service static systemd-sysctl.service static systemd-sysusers.service static systemd-timedated.service masked systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service static systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service static systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service static systemd-udev-settle.service static systemd-udev-trigger.service static systemd-udevd.service static systemd-update-done.service static systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service static systemd-update-utmp.service static systemd-user-sessions.service static systemd-vconsole-setup.service static systemd-volatile-root.service static tcsd.service disabled teamd@.service static timedatex.service enabled tuned.service enabled unbound-anchor.service static user-runtime-dir@.service static user@.service static 149 unit files listed.
[3] Zatrzymanie i wyłączenie usługi, której nie potrzebujesz. Rozruch i włączenie podczas startu systemu usługi (firewalld jest tylko przykładową usługą 😉 ).
[root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl stop firewalld # zatrzymanie usługi [root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl disable firewalld # wyłączenie usługi Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl start firewalld # rozruch usługi [root@lsr01vm ~]# systemctl enable firewalld # włączenie podczas startu usługi Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service.